Below provided material CONCEPTS No. 047-007 / 6P this work refers to the period c 1996 until 03.03.2000., most of this material forms the basis of the developed automated expert system of the ChNPP.
Concept No. 047-007 / 6P of the legal status of the UPCHK ( UPČK – participants in the processes of the Chernobyl Holocaust) developed and approved by KZMP (KZMP – committee for protection of the rights of residents. Pripyat) As of 1996 year, 12000 former residents of. Pripyat is one of the evacuees from the Chernobyl accident zone, who live all over Ukraine, supported the CPTM in the personalities of its members and entrusted, within the scope and purpose of the CPTM, to negotiate on their behalf, what have you personally signed up for signature letters. (one original is attached)Abbreviated: Rus. КЗЖП; Ukr. KZMP, USREOU code № 20072651. Enters as a branch ICHC – . (International Confederation disabled Chernobyl)..
- The committee
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The committee (from lat. accompanied - accompanying) - collegial body, formed to work in any special field, usually related to leadership or management, as well as the state executive body or structural unit in the system of legislative bodies.
CONCEPT No. 047-007 / 6P International Confederation of Chornobyl Disabled People Committee for the Protection of the Rights of Residents of. Pripyat. 253034, m. Kyiv str. Reytarska 8 / 5A, wire. Fax. (044) 547-23-98, (044) 228-46-60, wire 228-50-15 EDRPOU code 20072651, R / R 26000586, MFO 322971 4KF APPB »AVAL», m. Kiev » 03 "March 2000 p. № 047-007 / 6P . Approved 03.03.2000 year. On № from . Extended meeting of the CCMP protocol number 6 CONCEPT Definitions of categories of citizens affected due to the atomic disaster, compensation for damage, pension provision, granting benefits. Ukraine with 1991 year to current 2000 year, period of independent development as a state, has had and still has economic problems, related to industrial and agricultural production. An additional economic problem for the state of Ukraine was the costs associated with the elimination of the consequences of a nuclear disaster.. The state of affairs in the economy indicates that, what with 1991 year, the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine did not have and does not have a real effective program capable of raising the country's economy and filling the revenues of the approved annual budgets. The Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine annually does not fully implement the budget section "Liquidation of the Chernobyl Catastrophe" of the Law "On the State Budget of Ukraine" of the current year, adopted by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. The Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine introducing for approval by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine the Law on the budget for the next year, at the same time makes proposals to reduce the social protection of citizens affected by the nuclear disaster, by suspending part of the articles of the Law of Ukraine “On the status and social protection of citizens, who suffered as a result of the Chernobyl disaster ". These proposals are justified, usually, exorbitant expenses of the expenditure side of the budget, with simultaneous reference to economic problems existing in the state. WITH 1991 of the year, the day the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine adopted the Law "On the Status and Social Protection of Citizens, who suffered as a result of the Chernobyl disaster ", for nine years of its existence the law was changing 18 times downward, with existing significant shortcomings in the very basis of the Law. Disadvantages of the Law "On the Status and Social Protection of Citizens, who suffered as a result of the Chernobyl disaster ", its non-fulfillment and the proposals made towards deterioration by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, lead to a reduction in the social protection of citizens affected by the nuclear disaster, and above all reflect and affect the interests of citizens, who were at the epicenter of an atomic disaster. The concept is designed to eliminate all imbalances, which take place in existing approaches to solving problems, determining the category of citizens heterogeneously affected by a nuclear disaster, compensation to these citizens for damage, resolving issues related to their retirement benefits, granting benefits. Atomic disaster, which is associated with the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, occurred as a result of a combination and sequential development of five factors: 1. The experiment at the fourth unit of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant; 2. Design flaws in the control and protection system of the reactor type RBMK-1000; 3. Violations of the generally accepted norms for the distances of the location of populated points to a nuclear power plant; 4. Untimely evacuation of residents from the territories, contaminated with radioactive isotopes – uranium decay products; 5. Localization of the source of the accident at the fourth block of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant by throwing the mine of the damaged reactor from the air. (The factors are detailed in the Explanatory Note to this concept). Nuclear disaster in terms of environmental impact, consequences of the accident and the results of its localization, attributed to the atomic disaster of the 20th century on a planetary scale. The concept is based on a certain epicenter of an atomic catastrophe and an accepted baseline indicator for a victim of an atomic catastrophe. The epicenter of a nuclear disaster and the base indicator of the victim are two values of the starting point of reference for the impact of an atomic disaster on citizens. The impact of an atomic catastrophe on a citizen, in turn, is differentiated by the introduced aspects in relation to which the reasons are grouped, which caused the stay of citizens in the epicenter of an atomic catastrophe, on this basis, a basic information table was created, defining the category of affected citizens. The main components of the concept and their definition 1. Epicenter of a nuclear disaster, which is associated with the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant - these are territories, who were assigned to the third hazard zone for work remuneration. The lifetime of the atomic catastrophe epicenter zone is determined by the time factor, set with 01 o'clock 25 minutes 26 April 1986 years to the day of removal of the third danger zone from these territories; 2. The basic indicator of a victim of a nuclear disaster is the time spent during the day at the epicenter of a nuclear disaster. (provided, that a citizen, due to lack of information or other reasons independent of him, could not independently leave his place of residence). 3. Main aspects, used in the concept and base information table: 1. Territory 2. Dose 3. Time 4. Professionalism Territory – location of a citizen in a nuclear disaster zone Dose – radiation power per unit time, which affects the citizen, located in a certain place of the atomic catastrophe zone. Time – calendar date and length of time of a citizen's stay in a certain territory of the AK zone Professionalism – legally formalized relationship of a citizen to objects of ionizing radioactive radiation; 4. Reasons for staying in the epicenter of an atomic catastrophe, used in the concept and base information table: 1. Accommodation 2. Works on: 2.1. Localization of the accident center 2.2. Accident elimination 2.3. Decontamination of territories 2.4. Evacuation of the population 3. Other, what's unrelated. 5. The base info table is a rectangular table with columns, which are aspects, lines of reasons for the stay of a citizen in the epicenter of an atomic disaster and other requisites for information purposes (Basic Information Table Form, page 4 this concept). The grouping of information in the basic information table according to the above system makes it possible to make a differentiated objective relative assessment of the impact of an atomic disaster on citizens. An objective relative assessment allows you to group citizens by categories of victims, in decreasing order, which in turn makes it possible to objectively determine the amount of compensation to citizens for actual damage, solve pension issues and provide well-deserved benefits to citizens, who took part in the elimination of the atomic catastrophe. The basic information table is a tool for differentiated grouping of citizens by categories of victims., allows you to computerize and automate information processing processes. 6. Social protection of citizens, who suffered from a nuclear disaster, grouped into three sections: 1. Compensation to citizens for the damage caused (health, moral, material); 2. Pension provision of citizens, who suffered damage and citizens, who took part in the elimination of the atomic catastrophe and its consequences. 3. Benefits for citizens, who suffered damage and who took part in the elimination of the atomic catastrophe and its consequences. Based on the information in the base info table, filled out for each citizen individually, grouping of citizens into categories for differential compensation of damage, pensions, provision of benefits. 1.Compensation for Damage Caused to Citizens (moral, material, damage to health), carried out in full at the expense of the state budget. Return of funds to the state budget, carried out at the expense of the economic activity of the entity responsible for the occurrence of factors, who instilled in atomic disaster, or his successor. Basic indicators for calculating damage compensation are the data of the basic information table and the amount of wages established for the period of existence of the epicenter of a nuclear disaster.. Additionally, medical data can be used with an established disability group, provided, that these data increase the amount of damages. Wage, procedure for its determination and calculation(given below: - for citizens, who lived in the epicenter of a nuclear disaster and did not work, the calculation is carried out from the minimum wage set for the period of existence of the epicenter of a nuclear disaster, but not less than the minimum wage, set on the day of settlement at the rate of one month. - for citizens, who did not work in the epicenter of a nuclear disaster from earnings, which they received before the atomic disaster in the previous month; - for citizens, who lived in the epicenter of an atomic disaster, and took part in the work to eliminate its consequences, the calculation is carried out from the earnings received for work in the epicenter of a nuclear disaster, taken to calculate, average monthly actual earnings for any full calendar month of work in the epicenter of a nuclear disaster; If the citizens listed above have earnings in less than a calendar month, calculation of earnings is carried out at his request from earnings, received for work for all actually worked time, in one of the incomplete calendar months of work, without adding the amount of earnings for the period of work outside the zone of a nuclear disaster. In this case, earnings for all actually worked time, divided by the number of days worked, and the resulting amount is multiplied by 25,4. If work days fell on weekends and holidays, calculation of earnings for 25,4 working day is carried out in the same order, as well as for work on weekdays, and the surcharge for weekends and holidays accrued for the actual hours worked, taking into account the established multiplicity and is added to the amount of calculated earnings. For all citizens listed above, earnings multiplied by the established multiplicity of payment in the zone of the epicenter of a nuclear disaster. In all cases, the calculated earnings are increased by the coefficients 1986 of the year 5,62 and further beyond the established ratios. Damage is reimbursed in the amount of actual losses., which is defined according to this concept. 2. citizens, that are crippled by an atomic catastrophe, who took part in the elimination of the atomic catastrophe, a pension is assigned regardless of compensation for damage and benefits. Pensions to citizens, who were damaged by a nuclear disaster and who took part in its elimination, subject to work experience, taking into account working conditions, age, assigned in size 80 percent of average earnings, no limitation of the maximum pension. ( pensions must comply( the rates of the highest preferential pensions established in the State ( today this norm is established by the Law of Ukraine on Civil Service)) 3.Benefits and their list, to citizens, who lived in the midst of an atomic catastrophe and took part in the elimination of a nuclear catastrophe and its consequences, are established according to Art.. 20, 21 Law of Ukraine "On the status and social protection of citizens, who suffered as a result of the Chernobyl disaster ". When adopting new laws or amending existing laws, it is not allowed to limit the content and scope of compensation for damage, pensions and benefits. When developing new legislative acts, based on this concept, compensation and benefits cannot be lower than those previously provided in accordance with the Law of Ukraine "On the Status and Social Protection of Citizens, who suffered from the Chernobyl disaster ". Introduce a viewing ban in the direction of worsening existing compensations, pensions and benefits for citizens, which were EAK from legislative and executive power of Ukraine. BASIC INFORMATION TABLE to determine the category of citizen, suffered from nuclear disaster, related to the Chernobyl accident
| Name | Name | surname | Residence address | |
| Reasons stay in zone | Stages | Territory 0 — 30 km, or settlement | Dose 0,18mcr / hour up to 30000r / h | Time O1.25,26.04.86 by 1990 year. | Professionalism |
| 1.Residence: | |||||
| 2.Work on: | 1.Localizations foci accident | ||||
| 2.Liquidation accident | |||||
| 3.Deactivation territories | |||||
| 4.Evacuation population | |||||
| 3.Other, what not connection item 1.2: |
| Name. , position of the person , that filled the BIT, | List of documents, confirming the accuracy of the information on the basis of which the BIT is filled | |
| (signature) | ||
| (Date of completion) | ||
2. BASES AND FACTS FOR DEVELOPING A CONCEPT p.5-10 1. ABOUT FACTORS, WHICH ARE THE REASONS FOR THE ATOMIC CATASTROPHE The main task of the Nuclear Power Plant is to generate electricity, rather than working out scientific hypotheses, innovative ideas and suggestions. Experiments should, carried out at scientific facilities of a similar type, which are equipped and installed in a specific place with strict safety regulations for the environment and human habitat. Places, providing such security – these are science centers, polygons, etc.. Proof, confirming the fact, what exactly the experiment is the basis and the beginning of the Atomic disaster, are the facts, the absence of similar accidents during the long-term operation of nuclear power plants with RBMK reactors at Leningradskaya, Kursk and Chernobyl. The third unit of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant was commissioned in 1981 year, fourth block in 1983 g. All Nuclear Power Plants, including the Chernobyl, from the day of its operation, repeatedly brought into standby mode and displayed back to the nominal operating mode. Miracle happened only once, when a similar experiment was conducted at the third unit of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. Experiment goal – use the generator run-out energy (then for the accident, obviously, there was not enough additional excitation to the generator, with which he was provided in the experiment, carried out this time on the fourth block, this made it possible to energize the main circulating pumps (GCN), which led to an imbalance in the load on the reactor). As a result of the experiment, with regulations, different from operational, started on 04.25.1986 at the fourth block of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, with RBMK-1000 type reactor, at 01.23, 26.04.86g. there was an accident. Consequences of the accident, from the results of localization of the source of the accident, from the results of protecting the population in terms of the scale of the impact on the environment and human habitat is equated to a nuclear disaster of the 20th century on a planetary scale. The development and formation of the Atomic Catastrophe is based on five factors: 1. Experiment at the fourth block of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant to reduce the cycle of putting the reactor into standby mode and the use of a turbo - generator in idle mode for energy recovery: 1.1. The reason for the development and formation of a nuclear disaster by factor 1 lies with the personnel of the nuclear power plant, personnel are specialists – professionals, who are responsible for the safety of the facility, which is exploited. 25.04.86g. the staff performed an experiment commissioned by Dontechenergo, the procedure for which was carried out according to the regulations, approved by the chief engineer of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, The fault of the personnel consists in violations of the operational technological regulations., shutdown of emergency reactor cooling systems. The staff is responsible for the safety of the facility, which works, for untimely notification of residents of the city of Pripyat and nearby settlements about the danger and measures to protect against the consequences of the accident, which happened on 04/26/86. 2. Design non-completion in the control and protection system reactor type RBMK-1000: 2.1. The reason for the development and formation of an atomic catastrophe by factor 2. lies with the Research and Design Institute of Power Engineering (NIKIET), led by academician n. Dolezhal, designer RBMK-1000 and I.V. Institute of Atomic Energy. Kurchatov, headed by the President of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Alexandrov. Combination of the circumstances of the above factors in clause 1. and p.2. became the root cause of the accident: 2.2. extraction: "From the report, prepared for the IAEA by a group of experts led by AT. Legasov ": "Early Saturday morning 26 April 1986. at 1 hour 23 min. accident occurred at the fourth block of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, destined to have global implications. Seconds after 1h. 23 min. (by Moscow time) two, following one after another, explosion tore off the roof from the building of the reactor of the 4th block. Through the openings ejected building structures, graphite and other fragments, reactor core exposed. Smoke and steam, with a large amount of radioactive products of the reactor core, formed a "hot" cloud, rising to a height of 2 kilometers?, which then passed over the western regions of the USSR in the direction of Eastern and Western Europe and, lower density, over the entire northern hemisphere. Heavier fragments and particles fell near the station site, and light particles carried west and north of the station, where they fell in the adjacent areas and in the neighboring republics of Ukraine, Belarus and Russia ". Monday morning 28 April, the first wave of radioactivity reached Sweden, and was discovered by employees of the local Nuclear Power Plant. And on the same day, the measurement results were published in their press indicating the relative concentration of isotopes. 2.3. Extract from the work of A.A.. Yadrikhinsky «Nuclear accident at the fourth unit of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant and nuclear safety of RBMK reactors»: “When pressing the button AZ-5 by SIUR during the shutdown of the reactor of unit No. 4 in 1 time 23 min. 43 sec at instant uncontrolled acceleration of a fast neutron reactor at 7 second burnt TC at the bottom of the reactor, in the area of the declared nuclear explosion (turned into plasma), a large internal pressure in the a.z., water hammer occurs, knocks the remaining TC down the reactor under the NEC (antenna suture at the bottom of the TC is weak in design) scheme “E” comes off up against an edge rested against the wall above, below in scheme D), MCPs are locked against water hammer, rupture of the MPC and leakage, rupture of pipelines and the ejection of a part of the hydrocylinders to the site near the reactor, plugs of some fuel assemblies are cut off and they are thrown up the core., open circuit channels, casing p. and compensators of the circuit "E", rising scheme Сα "Е" all control rods are removed, managed to immerse themselves in a.z. on 2-2,5 m. 1-th peak and explosion of SCR - water evaporates and the vapor effect of reactivity is manifested + 6b, steam cushion in the TC blocks the movement of the coolant, MCP costs fall to "0" from the reaction zone water hammer spreads through the pipelines of the MPC. Fuel acceleration speed 19000aboutS / s, plasma pressure 116000kgf / cm2, heating speed because. 5560aboutS / s. Across 4-7 sec burned shopping mall, power rise N neutr. > 100 times Nnom, uncontrolled acceleration of the reactor, ejection of graphite blocks with fragments of the CPS channels up a.z. TC graphite blocks are torn. 2-th peak and burst, destroying the building of the 4th block of the river, internal overpressure in the reactor shaft drops, reverse flow of steam-water mixture from B.C.. in the upper part of the reactor, fuel assemblies break off from the central rods of the suspensions and move into the graphite stack of the reactor, MCP flow rate is restored after the destruction of the reactor to the norm and higher by 7-8 sec., the water of the CMPC is discharged into the reactor space and the external environment for 17 sec., after the separation of the circuit “E”, the unloading and loading machine falls (REM), crane TS, beams, boxes and plates of the "G" scheme. According to military experts, the TNT equivalent of the 1st explosion Q is approximately 230 tons of trinitrotoluene by the nature of the destruction of the reactor compartment. ” 2.4. Extract "From partially declassified materials of 1990.": «The external environment has been released 500 mega curie radioactive short and long-lived isotopes, including. a large amount of radioactive iodine 131, Strontium - 90, Cesium - 134, Cesium - 137, Cerium - 144, Cerium - 141, Barium - 140, Lantana - 140, Zirconium - 95, Niobium - 95, isotopes of transuranic elements: Plutonium - 239, America - 241, Chlorine - 242, Chlorine - 243. The radiation levels in the reactor zone and the break of the walls have reached a thousand R / hour. Even at a distance 100 meters from the building, individual debris created fields up to 600-700 P / hour. In combination with radioactive fine particles and aerosols, settled in the station, numerous highly active debris created a radiation environment, characterized by a wide range of dose rates in the territory of the station and the reactor shaft from 3 R / time to 30000 R / hour »: The data on the radiation situation in the first days of the accident are confirmed by the author of this concept., who had access to radioactive background measurement information, which were carried out at that time in different places of the station and the proposed areas, including r. Pripyat, where in the early days the radioactive background changed hourly (measurements were taken at intervals of one hour) moreover, everything depended on the wind, in places from 1 R / hour and above, when re-measuring, the background was up to 17 millirentgen per hour and vice versa, but with each passing hour, the radioactive background assumed a stable increasing value in all measured areas. It was local pollution, that took place at the epicenter of an atomic disaster. 3. Violation of generally accepted distance standards location of settlements to nuclear power plants: 3.1. The reason for the development and formation of an atomic catastrophe by factor 3 lie at the institutions specified in clause 2. and Atomenergonadzor of the USSR. For the projects of the first and the tacit consent of the second, g. Pripyat for the builders and operators of the nuclear power plant, was built in the distance 2.5 kilometers from the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. Worldwide average rate of distance from settlements to nuclear power plants, in order to ensure the safety of the population, set to 18 km. and more. As a result, r. Pripyat and its residents became hostages long before the accident at the nuclear power plant, and ended up in the epicenter of an atomic disaster, when the accident occurred at the fourth unit of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. 4. Not timely evacuation of residents from territories contaminated with radioactive short and long-lived isotopes: 4.1. The reason for the development and formation of an atomic catastrophe by factor 4. lies with public authorities. Pripyat Executive Committee. 14.00, 27.04.86g. through 36 hours 25 minutes after the accident at the 4th unit of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, a temporary (for three days) evacuation of the population. Pripyat g. Pripyat - population 55 thousands of people. The city at that time had the status of regional subordination., was included as a territorially independent unit in the Kiev region. Not mentioned and not mentioned, to this day, o tom, that the city is located in the distance 2.5 km from the Chernobyl nuclear power plant and is at the epicenter of a nuclear disaster. Atomic disaster, which is related to the accident, later received the name of the Chernobyl disaster after the name of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. Nuclear power plant located in 18 km from the district center g. Chernobyl, Chernobyl received its name at the beginning of its construction, from the area of its location. In the morning - 26.04.86 all the main roads in r. Pripyat and the Nuclear Power Plant were blocked by police squads, with the help of which the authorities established a hard access regime, at which entry and exit was strictly limited. All structures of local government were waiting for orders from above from the Politburo of the Central Committee of the CPSU, there was a lack of proper medicine and dosimetry control on the ground, none of the authorities, including the Politburo of the CPSU Central Committee do not represent the scale of the accident, essentially a nuclear catastrophe of the twentieth century, which started. 13.00, 27.04.86g. over the radio broadcasting network g. Pripyat, the decision of the government commission on the temporary evacuation of residents of the city was announced.. Pripyat, residents warned – do not take things, evacuation times, no more than three days. The government commission started working in the city of. Pripyat in the morning 27 April 1986. The government commission was headed by B.E Shcherbina. The commission is located in the building of the City Executive Committee of the city. Pripyat, on 3 floor, in the office of the Secretary of the City Party Committee. On the ground floor in the office of the Komsomol Committee is the operational headquarters of the Construction Department of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant (before the accident, general contractor for construction ) led by Kizima V.T.. The operational management of the headquarters was provided through A.I. Varivoda. Also, the Pripyat City Executive Committee worked in its places., headed by the chairman of the executive committee Voloshko V.P.. In addition to the facts of long stay of residents of the city. Pripyat at the epicenter of a nuclear disaster, due to untimely evacuation from- for paralysis control, d residents. Pripyat disconnected long-distance telephone communication, imposed a ban on independent leaving the city. The authorities of all stripes and the mass media of the USSR additionally did everything, so that there is no objective information from the accident area. In this way, is hidden, and then lost in 30 km zone g. Pripyat with the population 55 thousands of people. Residents of g. Pripyat 37 hours were at the epicenter of a nuclear disaster, under the influence of ionizing radiation, emitted into the atmosphere iodine and other elements of uranium decay products. The radioactive background on the city’s land changed every minute, it all depended on the wind, who drove radioactive dust through the city streets. Later 14 years and after the past three days from the start of the accident (April 1986 city) , after the so-called temporary evacuation of the population. Pripyat, a lot falls into place: – The first reaction and actions of leaders of all ranks of that time to hide the accident from the public; – Subsequent reactions and actions are determined by the lack of objective information about, what really happened, evidence of this: – Temporary evacuation of the population, evacuation of the population from the epicenter of the atomic disaster with a long delay; – Evacuation of the population to cities and villages within a thirty-kilometer zone; – Settlement re-evacuation plans, which is confirmed by the April promises of the generals, who commanded the chemical forces, wash g. Pripyat from radioactive contamination in one week, with one important remark at that time, from their lips, except for the building of the Pripyat executive committee, have already kicked too much radioactive mud into the building. This information is confirmed by the fact, that at that time a new headquarters was being prepared and equipped on the street. Lesia Ukrainka. After an unsuccessful attempt to deactivate g. Pripyat generals abandoned their promises. 29.04.86 loaded mountains of untouched boxes with uniforms for chemical protection behind the building of the City Executive Committee, together with the government commission, they urgently left the city.. Pripyat, relocated to g. Chernobyl. By then, the radioactive background in the air g. Pripyat reached a stable value 1.02 X-ray per hour. 5.Localization of the source of the accident at the fourth block of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant by throwing a mine, damaged reactor by helicopter aerial sand, clay, lead: 5.1. The reason for the development and formation of an atomic catastrophe by factor 5. lies with the government commission. The decision to throw sand into the emergency reactor shaft from the air using helicopters, clay, lead, accepted collectively B. Shcherbina, AT. Legasov and other members of the government commission. The helicopter squadron was led by Major General n. Antoshkin Delivery to the place of loading sand, clays, lead and their loading into helicopters was provided by the operational headquarters of the Construction Department of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant, to 30 April forces of construction organizations, and with 30 other categories of the population were attracted in April, organizations and army. 16.30, 27.04.86 g. sand is dropped from the first helicopters, clay and lead into the shaft of a damaged reactor, from a height of three hundred meters, as a result, an atomic catastrophe of the twentieth century began to be carried out in practice. The reactor was thrown from 16.30 27.04.86g. by 13.00, 06.05.86g. this period was called the localization of the accident center of the fourth power unit of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. Consequences of air throwing, in the period from 04/27/86. to 06.05.86. were impressive, the fourth power unit of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant was broken so, that it was hard to recognize, additionally, a large amount of radioactive elements were knocked out of the shaft of the damaged reactor and blown away by the wind. During this period, there was the largest pollution of territories., which was local before throwing the reactor shaft. Thousands of tons of sand were thrown into the shaft of the damaged reactor from the air., clays, lead. After, experts remembered the bubbler pool, which holds order 2400 m3 water. Above the pool there is a bubbler damaged reactor with cargo, which is thrown from the air. Real danger, that the reinforced concrete structures above the pool bubbler may not withstand the resulting load, and the incandescent mass of the reactor together with the load may end up in the pool water, easy to imagine, what will happen in this case, fortunately, the designs survived, people at the cost of their lives did everything in their power. 2. BASIS AND FACTS FOR DEVELOPING THE CONCEPT. From information, set out in the first part of the Explanatory Note and explanations to each factor, which caused the Atomic Catastrophe, must be, that the guilty, injured party, and facts to determine the likely exposure of citizens affected by the Atomic disaster. The guilty side is: Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant Scientific Research and Design Institute of Power Engineering Institute of Atomic Energy named after I.V.. Kurchatov Atomenergonadzor of the USSR Pripyat Executive Committee. The Cabinet of Ministers of the USSR represented by the Government Commission. Behind every action or inaction, leading to the atomic disaster, there are specific officials or responsible persons, who are vested with certain powers, perform certain functions on behalf of the listed organizations, organs, which are legal entities - the defendant: The injured party is: Residents of g. Pripyat and settlements, caught up in the epicenter of a nuclear disaster. Residents 30 km. zones. Residents of other areas, living in the territories, that have been contaminated. Damage to residents of clause 1. inflicted by almost all of the listed organizations and bodies of the perpetrator, listed item 1 - 6. Damage to residents specified in clause 2. and p.3. inflicted by the body of the guilty party specified in clause 6., through fault, which factor 5. Localization of the accident center at the fourth block of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant by throwing sand into the shaft of the damaged reactor by helicopters from the air, clay, lead. (An alternative to this method, closure of the reactor shaft with lightweight, easily assembled and, if necessary, dismantled graphite shields from assembly helicopters in two steps: The first method - the structures of metal beams are laid on the reactor shaft (reactor shaft 21,6 on 21,6 meters) during the day; The second method is laying graphite shields on beams during the second day; Further cooling of the damaged reactor with nitrogen and construction of the sarcophagus for the 4th block. After the construction of the sarcophagus, a special drilling rig is built on top of it, equipped with heavy-duty heat-resistant manipulator heads, allowing to pack drilled cores into special containers-burial blocks, the whole process is fully automated, operated and serviced by a minimum number of people, excludes exposure of staff. This suggestion was made in those days, before casting the reactor shaft from the air. And who knows, implement at that time an alternative, maybe not 30 km. zones, the possibility of access to the reactor damaged by the accident would remain, the possibility of unloading it from fuel and its subsequent dismantling) 28.02.1991 year adopted the Law of Ukraine "On the status and social protection of citizens, who suffered as a result of the Chernobyl disaster ". The title of the law and its articles refer to the social protection of citizens affected by the Chernobyl disaster.. Preamble law: This Law defines the main provisions regarding the implementation of the constitutional right of citizens, who suffered as a result of the Chernobyl disaster, to protect their life and health and creates a unified procedure for determining the categories of zones of radioactively contaminated areas, living and working conditions on them, social protection of the affected population. Articles of Law: Article 2. Definition of categories of zones of radioactively contaminated territories Depending on the landscape and geochemical characteristics of soils, measures for exceeding natural to emergency level accumulation of radionuclides in the environment, related degrees of potential adverse effects on public health, requirements for the implementation of radiation protection of the population and other special events, taking into account general production and social relations, territory, which was exposed to radioactive contamination due to the Chernobyl disaster, divided into zones. There are such zones: 1) Exclusion Zone Is a territory, from which the evacuation of the population in 1986 year; Article 10.Identification of persons, which relate to the participants in the liquidation of the consequences of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. Liquidation participants the consequences of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant are considered citizens, who directly participated in any robots, related to the elimination of the accident itself, its consequences in the exclusion zone in 1986-1987 years, regardless of the number of working days, The paradox in the very name of the law and the definition of persons, whom he defends socially, begins to appear from the article 9 «Identifying faces, who suffered as a result of the Chernobyl disaster " By faces, who suffered from the Chernobyl disaster, there is : 1). participants in the elimination of the consequences of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant - citizens, who were directly involved in the liquidation of the accident and its consequences; 2). victims of the Chernobyl disaster - citizens, including children, who were exposed to radioactive exposure as a result of the Chernobyl disaster. A.1. Article 9. "- citizens, who were directly involved in the elimination of the accident and its consequences»We will analyze the composition of this group of citizens and their professional attitude towards objects of ionizing radiation before and after the accident: 1. citizens – the working personnel of the nuclear power plant before the accident have a relationship before the objects of ionizing radiation are engaged in their professional work, they have increased wages and other compensations for working conditions. After the accident, from the day the work was organized on a rotational basis and the establishment of an increased payment for the robot in the established zones of ionizing radiation, continue and do professional business, receiving increased wages and other compensations for working conditions; 2. citizens – construction workers, who took part in the construction of a nuclear power plant, have no relation to objects of ionizing radiation before the accident and after the accident until the day the robot is organized on a rotational basis and the establishment of an increased payment for the robot in the established zones of ionizing radiation, from that day on they are engaged in almost professional business, receiving increased payment and other compensation for working conditions; 3. citizens – employees of other organizations, employed in work to eliminate the accident from the day the robot was organized on a rotational basis and the establishment of an increased payment for the robot in the established zones of ionizing radiation, from this day on, they are engaged in almost professional business, receiving increased wages and other compensations for working conditions; 4. citizens - military reserve called up through military registration and enlistment offices and employed at work to eliminate the accident and its consequences, not related to objects of ionizing radiation, busy in work not of their own free will, повольно. A.2. Article 9. «- citizens, including children, who were exposed to radioactive exposure as a result of the Chernobyl disaster, we will analyze the facts of the probability of being exposed to radioactive exposure of this group of citizens from objects of ionizing radiation, due to the Chernobyl disaster in extreme doses (25-35 birnoy USSR - which concept), established for professional workers engaged in the elimination of the consequences of an accident, at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. It is known from partially declassified materials, that an external release has occurred 500 mega curie radioactive short and long-lived isotopes, including. a large amount of radioactive iodine 131, Strontium - 90, Cesium - 134, Cesium - 137, Cerium - 144, Cerium - 141, Barium - 140, Lantana - 140, Zirconium - 95, Niobium - 95, isotopes of transuranic elements: Plutonium - 239, America - 241, Chlorine - 242, Chlorine - 243. The radiation levels in the reactor zone and the break of the walls have reached a thousand R / hour. Even at a distance 100 meters from the building, individual debris created fields up to 600-700 P / hour. Combined with radioactive fine particles and aerosols, settled in the station, numerous highly active debris created a radiation environment, characterized by a wide range of dose rates up to 1,02 R / h. Pripyat, and in the territory of the station and the reactor shaft from 3 R / time to 30000 P / hour: 1. citizens - residents of the city of Pripyat, Yanov station, the village of Semykhody with 01 hours 25 minutes, 26 April 1986 14 hours 25 minutes 27 April 1986 years throughout 37 hours were at a distance 2,5 km. from the damaged reactor shaft, in areas contaminated with short and long-lived isotopes, which are sources of external and internal radiation. The likelihood of an uncontrolled average dose of radiation at limiting doses, established for professional workers engaged in the elimination of the consequences of an accident, at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, inhabitants of this group is 100%; This is confirmed by a simple calculation below. : 1,2 R / hour x 37 hours = 44,4 rem. at 100%; 2. citizens - residents of Kopachi village, Chistogalovka, Novoshepelichi, Red, Zimovishte village 01 o'clock 25 minutes, 26 April 1986 years to 14 hours 25 minutes 27 April 1986 years throughout 37 hours were at a distance 7 km. from the damaged reactor shaft, in areas contaminated with short and long-lived isotopes, which are sources of external and internal radiation. The likelihood of an uncontrolled average dose of radiation at limiting doses, established for professional workers engaged in the elimination of the consequences of an accident, at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, inhabitants of this group is equal to 50% to 20%, in decreasing order of distance from the reactor: 1,2 R / hour x 37 hours x 0,5 = 22,2 rem at 50% and 8,8 rem at 20%; 3. citizens–residents of settlements living in areas located within a radius of 7 to 30 km. From the mine of the damaged reactor, ionizing radiation source, in areas contaminated with short and long-lived isotopes, which are sources of external and internal radiation. The likelihood of an uncontrolled average dose of radiation at limiting doses, established for professional workers involved in the elimination of the consequences of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, inhabitants of this group is equal to 20 % to 1% in decreasing order of distance from the reactor: 1,2 R / hour x 37 hours x 0,2 = 8,8 rem at 20% and 0,5 rem at 1%; 4. citizens - residents of other areas, living in the territories, who have been exposed to radioactive contamination the probability of an uncontrolled average dose of radiation at maximum doses, established for professional workers engaged in the elimination of the consequences of an accident, at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, inhabitants of this group is equal to 1% to 0,01% in decreasing order of distance from the reactor. 1,2 R / hour x 37 hours x 0,01 = 0,5 rem at 1% and 0,005 rem at 0,01%; Until November 1986 years before the construction of the Sarcophagus, shift camps were located in the village of Orannoe, pioneer camp Fabulous and the village of Cape Verde, for construction organizations SPTU town. Polesskiy, then at recreation centers near the village of Glebovka. Since December 1986. after the construction of the Sarcophagus for construction organizations of the Construction Department of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, who worked on the elimination of the consequences of the accident on a rotational basis, hostels were organized in the city of Chernobyl for living and rest after work in high-risk areas, at the same time, there is no increased payment for stay in the city. Chernobyl was not produced. Based on the above analysis of groups of citizens, we can conclude, that due to the great heterogeneity and disproportions in the scale of the damage caused by the Atomic Catastrophe, it is impossible to put citizens on the same level, attributed to the liquidators of the accident and citizens, living in contaminated areas, or citizens, working and living at different distances from the damaged reactor from 0 to 2,5 km, from 2,5 km. to 7 km, from 7 km. to 30 km, living from 30 km to 1000 km. The difference between citizens of liquidators and citizens living: (except citizens - liquidators specified in this section in clause 4., item 3. until the day the robots are organized on a rotational basis, these citizens should be equated to the second), the first worked on liquidation of their own free will, for them, working conditions and their payment before the accident are established and regulated by law and is carried out: – increased pay for a robot in areas with harmful working conditions; – dosimetric permit to work with ionizing sources; – medical admission to work in contaminated areas and facilities; – the age and number of years of service for retirement is reduced; – established by law, occupational diseases, bound with harmful working conditions. – and other benefits associated with harmful working conditions. The second are citizens, who had nothing to do with sources of increased danger, these citizens, and their families lived in territories exposed to radioactive contamination as a result of the Atomic Catastrophe. This category of citizens to their families and future offspring, direct damage, through no fault of theirs, and the fault of others, as a result of external and internal uncontrolled irradiation of the body, damage to health, and also caused moral and material damage. About the days before the organization of the shift and the increased established salary, about citizens called up through the military registration and enlistment offices during the localization of the source of the accident – this category outside this discussion is clearly disinterested bonded participants. Law No. 796-12 establishes and determines the duration of the exclusion zones, groups of liquidators, their legal status, privileges ,compensation, pension provision. The law covers the period 1986. 1990. there is no clear differentiation of the period of participation in work in the exclusion zone with 1986-1987 before the day of construction and commissioning of the sarcophagus, November 1986 of the year, this is the period for which from all over the former USSR took part in the liquidation of the accident 386 thousands of people, during this period from 30 kilometer zone evicted 200000 person. for 9 years of its existence, the law was changed and supplemented 17 times as a result, the number of victims of the Chernobyl accident was 2100000 person: N 2532-12 from 01.07.92, Birth Defects 1992, N 37, Article 54 N 3180-12 from 05.05.93, Birth Defects 1993, N 26, Art N 3285-12 from 17.06.93, Birth Defects 1993, N 29, Article 305 N 3328-12 from 29.06.93, Birth Defects 1993, N 32, Article 433 N 126/95-BP from 06.04.95, Birth Defects 1995, N 16, Article 111 N 498/95-BP from 22.12.95, Birth Defects 1996, N 3, Article. 11 N 96/96-BP from 22.03.96, Birth Defects 1996, N 16, Article. 71 N 230/96-BP from 06.06.96, Birth Defects 1996, N 35, p.162 N 581/96-BP from 11.12.96, Birth Defects 1997, N 6, Article. 45 N 404/97-BP from 27.06.97, Birth Defects 1997, N 33, Article. 207 N 796/97-BP from 30.12.97, Birth Defects, 1998, N 21, Article 109 N 378-ХІV ( 378-14 ) from 31.12.98, Birth Defects, 1999, N 8, Article 59 N 563-ХІV ( 563-14 ) from 25.03.99, Birth Defects, 1999, N 19, Article 174 N 1458-III (1485-14) from 17.02.2000 Decrees N 12-92 from 26.12.92, Birth Defects 1993, N 10, Article. 76 N 29-93 from 26.03.93, Birth Defects 1993, N 20, Art N 43-93 from 30.04.93, Birth Defects 1993, N 26, Article 281 ) A large-scale problem of the state of Ukraine has become the problem of compensation to citizens affected by AK damage, compensated pensions and benefits. Economic problems that arose during the development of the Ukrainian state in 1991-2000 years, create permanent preconditions prompting the state to take the most unpopular measures to reduce compensation, benefits and the number of citizens attributed to victims of AK, while for the most part, as a rule, unpopular measures affect citizens, who were at the epicenter of the AK. The concept is designed to eliminate all imbalances, which take place in existing approaches to solving the problems of determining the category of citizens, who are heterogeneously affected by AK, reimbursement of damage to these citizens in solving issues related to pension provision, granting benefits. LEGAL SUPPORT FOR THE SOLUTION OF THE ATOMIC DISASTER PROBLEM Development of regulatory legal acts, as well as protecting the rights of citizens, who were harmed by AK and who took part in the elimination of AK, including the protection of their rights in court, should be carried out in accordance with the basic Law of Ukraine "Constitution of Ukraine", namely articles: Article 8. The principle of the rule of law is recognized and applied in Ukraine. The Constitution of Ukraine has the highest legal force. Laws and other normative legal acts are adopted on the basis of the Constitution of Ukraine and must answer her. The norms of the Constitution of Ukraine are the norms of direct action. Appeal to court for the protection of constitutional rights and freedoms of man and citizen directly based on the Constitution of Ukraine is guaranteed. Article 16. Ensuring environmental safety and maintenance ecological balance on the territory of Ukraine, overcoming the consequences Chernobyl disaster – planetary disasters, preservation of the gene pool of the Ukrainian people is the duty of the state. Article 50. Everyone has the right to a safe life and health environment. Anyone is guaranteed the right of free access to environmental information, about food quality products and household items, as well as the right to distribute it. Such information cannot be classified by anyone.. Article 22. Human and civil rights and freedoms, fixed this constitution, They are not exhaustive. Constitutional rights and freedoms are guaranteed and cannot be abolished. When adopting new laws or making changes to existing laws are not allowed to narrow the content and scope of existing rights and freed. Article 18. Foreign policy activity of Ukraine directed to ensure its national interests and security by maintaining peaceful and mutually beneficial cooperation with members the international community for universally recognized principles and international law. Article 27. Every human being has the inherent right to life. No one can be arbitrarily deprived of life. Duty states - protect human life. Everyone has the right to protect their life and health, life and other people's health from unlawful attacks. In practical work on the development of regulatory and legal acts, as well as protecting the rights of citizens, which harmed AK should be used and other legislative acts respectively which: 1. Every citizen has the right to retirement benefits subject to the availability of work experience, taking into account working conditions, age; 2. Every citizen has the right to compensation for damage caused to his health, including loss associated with harmful working conditions in the performance of official duties in the amount of actual disability; 3. Every citizen, which has merits to the state, enjoys the benefits and benefits, established by laws, acting in the state. Chairman of KZMP A. Varivoda. 03 Martha 2000 g. Information on the Committee for the Protection of the Rights of Residents of. Pripyat (further – KZMP), CPMP is a part of Chornobyl International Disability Confederation and is included in the single state register of enterprises and organizations of Ukraine EDRPOU code no 20072651. performs its activities in accordance with the Regulations on KZMP Package of KMZP documents (The provisions of the CPTM, Signing letter, Minstat help, Company letterhead), Diagrams F1, F2.
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